TROFF(1)

NAME
troff - typeset or format documents

SYNOPSIS

troff [-afizV] [-daS] [-da=S] [-Ffontdir] [-mname] [-nN] [-olist] [-raN] [-ra=N] [-sN] [-Tdevice] [-uN] [-xN]

DESCRIPTION
troff formats text in the named files for printing on phototypesetter devices. Its capabilities are described in the Nroff/Troff user's manual.

troff generates output in an intermediate ASCII format which must be passed through a device-dependent post-processor before it can be printed; see the description of the -T option and the example below.

If no file argument is present, the standard input is read. An argument consisting of a single minus (-) is taken to be a file name corresponding to the standard input. The options, which may appear in any order so long as they appear before the files, are:

-olist
    Print only pages whose page numbers appear in the comma-separated list of numbers and ranges. A range N-M means pages N through M; an initial -N means from the beginning to page N; and a final N- means from N to the end.

-nN Number first generated page N.

-sN Stop every N pages. Troff will stop the phototypesetter every N pages, produce a trailer to allow changing cassettes, and resume when the typesetter's start button is pressed.

-mname
    Prepend the macro file /usr/ucblib/doctools/tmac/tmac.name to the input files.

-raN
    Set register a (one-character) to N.

-ra=N
    Set register a (may be more than one character) to N.

-daN
    Define string a (one-character) to S.

-da=N
    Define string a (may be more than one character) to S.

-i  Read standard input after the input files are exhausted.

-z  Check syntax only; do not generate any output except for error messages.

-Ffontdir
    Use the directory fontdir to locate font files.

-u N
    Set the emboldening amount, i.e. the number of times a character is printed to simulate bold output, to N.

-Tdevice
    Prepare output for the specified device. Available devices are:

    ps  for PostScript output with 72,000 dpi and AFM fonts (default), with dpost as post-processor
    psmed
        for PostScript output with 3,600 dpi and AFM fonts, with dpost as post-processor
    pslow
        for PostScript output with 432 dpi and AFM fonts, with dpost as post-processor
    post
        for PostScript output with 720 dpi and ditroff fonts, with dpost as post-processor
    html
        for HTML output, with dhtml as post-processor

-f  Refrain from feeding out paper and stopping phototypesetter at the end of the run.

-a  Send a printable text-only approximation of the results to the standard output.

-xN Enable extensions to previous versions of troff at level N. Level 0 disables any extensions; level 1 enables all extensions except for long requests and request arguments; level 2 enables these in addition but executes short requests which are prefixes of undefined long requests; level 3 ignores undefined long requests.

-V  Print troff version.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

LANG, LC_ALL
    See locale(7).

LC_CTYPE
    Determines the mapping of bytes to characters.

TYPESETTER
    Specifies a device name as with the -T option.

TROFFONTS
    A colon-separated list of directory names to search for PostScript fonts before the device font directory.

TROFFMACS
    Specifies the location to search for macro files with the -m option. This string forms a prefix to which the macro package name is immediately appended. Thus to make `-mname' work with a file `/path/to/tmac.name', use `TROFFMACS=/path/to/tmac.'

FILES
/tmp/ta*    temporary file
/usr/ucblib/doctools/tmac/*    standard macro files
/usr/ucblib/doctools/font/*    font width tables

EXAMPLES
To generate a PostScript file from input that contains equations and tables, use

    <input tbl | eqn | troff | dpost >output.ps

The resulting file can then be sent to a printer, displayed by a previewer, or passed to further post-processing utilities, such as a PDF distiller.

SEE ALSO
J. F. Ossanna, Nroff/Troff user's manual
B. W. Kernighan, A TROFF Tutorial
eqn(1), tbl(1)